Microphone

WHAT IS MICROPHONE?

Microphone or microphone is a device that captures sound and converts the audio signal into an electrical signal and then outputs it to the source. In other words, the microphone is the intermediate device between the source and the listener. The sound received by the microphone will have many different intensities, based on these intensities, it can be used to analyze the sound or be used as active noise cancellation technology to help make the sound clearer and clearer. .

MICRO STRUCTURE

1. Internal structure of micro

The internal structure of the microphone includes: vibrating diaphragm, coil and magnet. The microphone mainly works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The sound will be transmitted through the vibrating membrane of the microphone, from which it is reflected on the coil to create a magnetic field. Then, the alternating current will flow to the wires to the amplifier and speakers to create sound.

2. External structure of microphone

The external structure of the microphone consists of 3 parts:

- The head is usually designed with a round mesh frame with the function of protecting the internal components.

- The microphone body is the part that the person holding the microphone will hold when using the microphone. Right on the body there is a pop-up button to open the microphone and a pop-down button to turn off the microphone. Some creative users will decorate this part to create more accents for the microphone.

- The end is the part to store the battery if you are using a wireless microphone, and if you use a wired microphone, the end is the place to plug in the power.

MICROPHONE CLASSIFICATION

1. Classification based on the principle of operation

- Dynamic microphone (Dynamic): is a microphone that uses magnets to change electrical waves. The sound is easy to hear, good at close range, so it is often used for singers, MCs or karaoke bars.

- Condenser microphone: is a microphone that uses the effect of changing capacitance to change electrical waves. Condenser microphones are often used in areas with large spaces such as theaters, lecture halls, stadiums, ...

- Piezoelectric microphone (Piezo): is a type of microphone that uses the phenomenon of piezoelectricity to convert into electrical signals. Piezo microphones are often used to amplify sounds from musical instruments thanks to their high impedance. At the same time, piezoelectric microphones are also used to pick up sound waves in the aquatic environment. Piezoelectric microphones are commonly used on electronic and electrical devices because they can be made with small sizes.

2. Classification based on use

- Vocal microphone (Microphone for vocalists) : designed with priority for the frequency ranges of the human voice, ranging from 250Hz - 4kHz to help convey the most standard sound. This type of microphone is designed with moderate sensitivity, good resistance to noise, so the vocal microphone is suitable for those who sing at the live stage.

- Recording microphone: is a microphone specifically designed for use in the studio with a large frequency range, so its high sensitivity allows you to leave the microphone far away and still be able to capture quality bass. Recording microphones will let you capture sound and create better quality sound, limiting noise and distortion during recording in the studio.

- Speech microphone (gooseneck microphone): is a unidirectional microphone, usually of the obtuse type. Microphone speech can be placed on the table and is often used in conferences, meetings, ... The microphone has extremely standard sound quality, is not howling and can filter noise and some other noise quite well. good, easy to hear and clear.

- Instrumental microphone: is a type of microphone with a wide frequency range that is physically structured, ranging in size from small to large to suit all user needs. Instrumental microphones often do not have a filter head and many accessories attached to give you flexibility in the process of using the instrument or performing or recording.

- Conference microphone: is a stork-neck microphone and is placed directly on the table to record the human voice in front of you. Sound can be picked up from distances of 12-45 cm. With a conference microphone that can receive very high sound waves and at a very long distance, the sound quality is quite good.

3. Categorize based on user needs

- Ear microphones are designed with the body attached to the ear and the head placed directly in front of the mouth to capture voice and live sound. If you use ear-worn microphones for presentations or lectures, it will be more effective than handheld microphones. In addition, with this type of microphone, you can free your hands and move more easily.

Lapel microphones are designed to capture the sound of a person or a fixed object. With this type of microphone, you just need to put the microphone on your shirt to help you record clear and realistic sound.

- Wireless microphone: The principle of operation of a wireless microphone is that the signal will be converted into radio waves and transferred to the receiver. The application of wireless microphones is suitable for teaching and conveying information in a large space with sound accessible to listeners.

- Wired microphone is designed in a modern style and has high aesthetics. The application of wired microphones is often widely used in places such as performance stages, autumn rooms, halls, karaoke bars, ...

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